Benzonitrile

Benzonitrile structural formula

CAS Number100-47-0
Molecular FormulaC7H5N
Molecular Weight103.125
InChI KeyJFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP1.56
Synonyms
  • Benzonitrile
  • 100-47-0
  • Benzene, cyano-
  • Benzenecarbonitrile
  • Benzenenitrile
  • Benzoic acid nitrile
  • Benzonitril
  • benzonitrilo
  • Cyanobenzene
  • NSC 8039
  • Phenyl cyanide
  • UN 2224
  • EINECS 202-855-7
  • Phenylcyanide
  • Fenylkyanid
  • UNII-9V9APP5H5S
  • C6H5-CN

Applications:

HPLC Method for Separation of Benzonitrile, Toluene and Benzylamine on Primesep A Column

May 31, 2023

HPLC Method for Analysis of Benzonitrile, Toluene, Benzylamine on Primesep A by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

HPLC Method for Separation of Benzonitrile, Toluene and Benzylamine on Primesep A Column by SIELC Technologies
  1. Benzonitrile: Benzonitrile (C₆H₅CN) is an aromatic organic compound. It is a colorless liquid with an almond-like odor. Benzonitrile is used as a solvent and a chemical intermediate in the production of a variety of compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes.
  2. Toluene: Toluene (C₇H₈) is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the smell associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a CH₃ group attached to a phenyl group. It is an important organic solvent and is also used to produce benzene, and a number of consumer products including certain types of glue, paint thinners, and nail polish removers.
  3. Benzylamine: Benzylamine (C₆H₅CH₂NH₂) is a primary amine compound containing a benzyl group attached to the amino group. It is a colorless liquid with a faint almond-like odor. It is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of substances, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and polymers.

These chemicals are widely used in organic synthesis. Please handle these substances with care, as they can have hazardous effects. Always refer to the safety data sheets for each chemical and adhere to recommended safety procedures.

These three compounds be separate and analyzed on a reverse-phase Primesep A, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column with a mobile phase consisting of water, Acetonitrile (MeCN) and Sulfuric acid as a buffer modifier. This analysis method can be UV detected at 210 nm.

LOD was determined for this combination of instrument, method, and analyte, and it can vary from one laboratory to another even when the same general type of analysis is being performed.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Benzonitrile, Toluene, Benzylamine

Condition

ColumnPrimesep A, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A
Mobile PhaseMeCN/H2O -60/40%
BufferH2SO4
Flow Rate1.0 ml/min
DetectionUV 210 nm
Peaks Retention Time2.9, 4.0, 10.2 min
Samples concentration (Benzonitrile, Toluene, Benzylamine)0.04, 0.05, 0.07 mg/ml
Injection volume3 µl
Sample diluent MeCN/H2O -60/40%
LOD (Benzonitrile, Toluene, Benzylamine)27, 65, 103 ppb

Description

Class of CompoundsBenzene, Aromatics
Analyzing CompoundsBenzonitrile, Toluene, Benzylamine

Application Column

Primesep A

Column Diameter: 4.6 mm
Column Length: 150 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Toluene

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Methyl Paraben, Benzonitrile, Propyl Paraben, and Toluene on Mixed-Mode and Reverse Phase Columns

October 4, 2010


Parabens are common preservatives in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. They are esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Method for separation of methyl paraben, propyl paraben, benzonitrile and toluene was developed on a Obelisc R column. All four compounds are neutral and are retained by reverse-phase mechanism. In case of reversed-phase stationary phase, no effect of pH is observed. Retention time for all four compounds changes on an Obelisc R column when pH is changed. pH of the mobile phase affects ionization state of stationary phase. Obelisc R column has C12 carbon chain and carboxylic acid with pKa of 4. At lower pH (pH 2, TFA), carboxylic acid of stationary phase is not ionized and thus adds hydrophobicity to stationary phase. Obelisc R column can be used for analysis of basic, acidic and neutral compounds with suitable detection techniques – UV, ELSD, CAD, LC/MS.

Condition

Column Obelisc R, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc, TFA
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 270 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Preservatives, Neutral
Analyzing Compounds Methylparaben, Benzonitrile, Propyl paraben, Toluene

 

Application Column

Obelisc R

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

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Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Methylparaben
Propylparaben
Toluene

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Acid Effect on Retention of Acidic Analytes

July 8, 2010

 

In mixed-mode chromatography, retention time and elution order can be changed for acidic analytes based on the pH of the mobile phase. In this application, the order of elution for benzoic acid and benzonitrile is changed by changing the pH of the mobile phase. At lower pH (pH-2, TFA), ionization of carboxylic acid fragment of benzoic acid is totally suppressed (not ionized), and benzoic acid does not show any anion-exchange properties. As the pH of the mobile phase increases (pH 4, formic acid), the carboxylic acid fragment of benzoic acid is ionized and participates in ion-exchange interaction with positively charged sites of the mixed-mode column. In most cases, changing pH does not change retention of neutral analytes. Mixed-mode chromatography is compatible with all detection techniques (UV, ELSD, CAD, LC/MS, etc.)
Application Analytes:
Benzoic Acid
Benzonitrile

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Effect of mobile phase composition on retention of 3 compounds on Obelisc R

March 3, 2010


This application shows the effect of mobile phase composition on retention of acidic, basic and neutral compound. Retention of basic and acidic compounds is controlled by buffer pH and concentration, while retention of neutral compound is controlled by the amount of acetonitrile. Buffer pH changes not only ionization state of ionizable basic and acidic compounds, but ionization state of trimodal stationary phase Obelisc R. Available detection techniques include UV, ELSD, LC/MS, and Corona.

Condition

Column Obelisc R, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection 250

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Neutral, BasicIonizable
Analyzing Compounds Benzonitrile, Benzoic Acid, Benzylamine

 

Application Column

Obelisc R

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzoic Acid
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Dequalinium and Benzonitrile on Different Columns

August 22, 2008

Dequalinium, or Dequadin, is an antiseptic and disinfectant. It consists of two quaternary amines connected by C10 hydrophobic chain. It’s a strongly basic compound that is hard to analyze on reverse phase column and obtain good peak shape. Compound shows a significant tailing (symmetry below 0.5 and USP tailing factor of over 2) due to interaction of quaternary groups with residual silanols. In this HPLC application dequalinium is analyzed on Primesep D mixed-mode column with perfect symmetry and high efficiency. Primesep D column has hydrophobic chain and a basic group close to the surface of silica gel. This group provides shielding effect and prevents interaction between acidic silanol groups and quaternary amines of dequalinium. Method can be used for analysis and quantitation of hydrophobic amines when peak shape is not satisfactory on traditional HPLC columns. Relative comparison of several modern LC columns (Zorbax from Agilent, XTerra from Waters and Gemini from Phenomenex) shows that Primesep D mixed-mode column can be successfully used in determination of hydrophobic quaternary amines and diamines. If a compound is retained on C18 column with poor peak shape, switching to mixed-mode column can provide a valuable alternative. Benzonitrile is used to ensure high quality of packing and good peak shape for neutral analytes. Method uses trifluoroacetic acid as an additive to the mobile phase. Other acids and buffers can be used depending on the detection technique.

Condition

Column Primesep D, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer TFA
Flow Rate
Detection UV, 240 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Quaternary amines
Analyzing Compounds Dequalinium,  Benzonitrile

 

Application Column

Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Dequalinium

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Amino Acids, Bases, Acids, and Neutrals on Obelisc R

March 3, 2007


Separating basic, acidic and zwitterionic compounds in one run in reverse-phase HPLC can be very challenging. The methods might require the use of ion-pairing reagents and complex gradients that can make MS-compatibility difficult. Obelisc R column which has both positive and negative ion-pairs embedded in the stationary phase allows for fine tuning and separation of a wide range of compounds with different ionic properties. Acids, bases, amino acids and neutral compounds were separated isocratically in one run using a simple MS-compatible mobile phase of acetonitrile (ACN) and water with Ammonium Acetate (AmAc) buffer. Can also be UV detected at 250nm.

Condition

Column Obelisc R, 4.6×250 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 35/65%
Buffer AmAc 10 mM pH 4.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 250 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Bases, Neutral, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements, Amino acid
Analyzing Compounds Amino acids

 

Application Column

Obelisc R

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
2,6-Lutidine
Benzoic Acid
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Phenol
Phenylalanine
Pyridine
Toluene
Tryptophan

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Complex Mixture of Acids, Bases, Amino Acids, and Neutral Compounds

October 14, 2006

Primesep 100 separates a mixture of amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine), organic acids (benzoic acid, mandelic acid), amines (benzylamine, pyridine), and neutrals (benzonitrile, toluene) in one HPLC run by combining reversed-phase, cation-exchange, and polar interactions. The method is tunable and peak order can be changed significantly by adjusting acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid concentrations. The separation method uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) and compatible with UV, mass spec (LC/MS) and evaporative light scattering (ELSD) detection.

Condition

Column Primesep 100, 4.6×250 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 30/70%
Buffer TFA – 0.2
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 210 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements, Amino acid
Analyzing Compounds Tyrosine, phenylalanine, Benzoic acid, mandelic acid, Benzylamine, Pyridine, Benzonitrile, Toluene

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Amino Acids
Benzoic Acid
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Mandelic Acid
Organic Acids
Phenylalanine
Pyridine
Toluene
Tyrosine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep B Column

November 15, 2005

Primesep B separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

Application Column

Primesep B

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Maleic Acid

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep A Column

November 14, 2005

Primesep A separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

Application Column

Primesep A

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Maleic Acid

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep 100 Column

November 14, 2005

Primesep 100 retains and separates an acid, base, and neutral in one HPLC injection. Maleic acid, benzylamine, and benzonitrile are resolved by ion-exclusion, ion-exhange and reversed-phase modes. The separation uses a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Maleic Acid

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep 200 Column

November 14, 2005

Primesep 200 separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

Application Column

Primesep 200

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Benzonitrile
Benzylamine
Maleic Acid

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.