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Complex Mixture of Acids, Bases, Amino Acids, and Neutral Compounds |
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Application Notes:
Primesep 100 separates a mixture of amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine), organic acids (benzoic acid, mandelic acid), amines (benzylamine, pyridine), and neutrals (benzonitrile, toluene) in one HPLC run by combining reversed-phase, cation-exchange, and polar interactions. The method is tunable and peak order can be changed significantly by adjusting acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid concentrations. The separation method uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) and compatible with UV, mass spec (LC/MS) and evaporative light scattering (ELSD) detection.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 100 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 100 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep 100 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 100 separates underivatized amino acids and amines by combining reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Inorganic cations can be separated by cation exchange. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Control of Cation Exchange Properties by pH of Primesep C Column |
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Application Notes:
Primesep C demonstrates the control of ion-exchange properties of Primesep columns. The peak order of caffeine and benzylamine in a mixture of caffeine, benzylamine, and phenol reverses when the mobile phase modifier is changed from ammonium acetate to trifluoroacetic acid. Control of the separation is possible even with mass spec (LC/MS) compatible mobile phases of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and ammonium acetate or trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).
Application Columns:
- Primesep® C is a mixed-mode HPLC column with reversed-phase, ion-exchange and host-guest complex formation properties. The Primesep C stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep C retains hydrophobic compounds by a reversed phase. Strongly polar and basic compounds such as quaternary amines are retained without the use of ion-pairing reagent by reversed phase and ion exchange. An unusual elution order compared to other HPLC columns is found for primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep A Column |
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Application Notes:
Primesep A separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® A is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep A stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a strong acid functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep A columns. Primesep A retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep A separates underivatized amino acids, amines and weak bases by combining reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Inorganic cations can be separated by cation exchange. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep 100 Column |
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Application Notes:
Primesep 100 retains and separates an acid, base, and neutral in one HPLC injection. Maleic acid, benzylamine, and benzonitrile are resolved by ion-exclusion, ion-exhange and reversed-phase modes. The separation uses a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 100 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 100 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep 100 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 100 separates underivatized amino acids and amines by combining reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Inorganic cations can be separated by cation exchange. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep 200 Column |
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Application Notes:
Primesep 200 separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 200 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 200 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a weakly acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 200 columns. Primesep 200 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 200 separates underivatized amino acids, amines, isomers and structurally related compounds by combining reversed phase and ion exchange. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids and diacids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Neutral, Base, and Acid on Primesep B Column |
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Application Notes:
Primesep B separates acids, bases, and neutrals in one injection. Maleic acid, benzonitrile, and benzylamine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, ion-exchange, and ion-exclusion mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® B is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep B stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a strongly basic functional group as an anion exchanger recommended for mobile phase pH's of 1.5 to 4. Primesep B separates bases by an ion-exclusion mechanism. The basic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Recommended buffers for Primesep columns are trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), perchloric acid (HClO4), and formic acid. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Primesep C Column Retention Control |
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Application Notes:
Primesep C separates benzylamines with an easily tunable HPLC method that allows retention control. Benzylamine, N-methylbenzylamine, and N,N-dimethylbenzylamine peak order and retention can be significantly changed by altering the water/acetonitrile ratio in the mobile phase which changes the combination of cation exchange, complex formation, and hydrophobic interactions. This mixture is separated with a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and triethylamine (TEA) phosphate with UV detection at 210 nm.
Application Columns:
- Primesep® C is a mixed-mode HPLC column with reversed-phase, ion-exchange and host-guest complex formation properties. The Primesep C stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep C retains hydrophobic compounds by a reversed phase. Strongly polar and basic compounds such as quaternary amines are retained without the use of ion-pairing reagent by reversed phase and ion exchange. An unusual elution order compared to other HPLC columns is found for primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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HPLC Separation of Acidic, Basic and Zwitterionic Compounds on Special Columns for Retention of Polar Compounds |
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Application Notes:
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 100 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 100 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep 100 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 100 separates underivatized amino acids and amines by combining reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Inorganic cations can be separated by cation exchange. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
- Primesep® 200 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 200 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a weakly acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 200 columns. Primesep 200 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 200 separates underivatized amino acids, amines, isomers and structurally related compounds by combining reversed phase and ion exchange. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids and diacids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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HPLC Separation of 8 Generic Compounds on Primesep Columns |
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Application Notes:
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 200 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 200 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a weakly acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 200 columns. Primesep 200 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 200 separates underivatized amino acids, amines, isomers and structurally related compounds by combining reversed phase and ion exchange. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids and diacids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
- Primesep® 100 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 100 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep 100 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 100 separates underivatized amino acids and amines by combining reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Inorganic cations can be separated by cation exchange. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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HPLC Separation of Acidic, Basic, and Neutral Compounds |
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Application Notes:
Application Columns:
- Primesep® 200 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 200 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a weakly acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 200 columns. Primesep 200 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 200 separates underivatized amino acids, amines, isomers and structurally related compounds by combining reversed phase and ion exchange. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids and diacids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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Effect of mobile phase composition on retention of 3 compounds on Obelisc R |
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Application Notes:
Application Columns:
- Obelisc R columns are the first commercially available columns with Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC). With multiple patents pending, LiSC technology is based on a new chemical modification of silica gel pores that creates a liquid separation cell with its own charge characteristics, ionic strength, and hydrophobic properties. Like living cells which exist in equilibrium with the outside environment, liquid separation cells exist in constant equilibrium with the mobile phase. Obelisc R, for reversed phase, has reversed-phase character and can be used in traditional, reversed-phase type applications. Due to the presence of ionic groups and a long hydrophobic chain, Obelisc R offers additional retention and tuning that is not available with traditional reversed-phase columns. Reversed-phase separations are augmented by additional ionic and polar interactions not available on traditional reversed-phase C18 columns. Mobile phase composition changes the conformation of the long hydrophobic chain and affects the properties of the liquid separation cell and changes separation selectivity. Typical mobile phases used with Obelisc R columns are based on acetonitrile, water, and the mass spec compatible buffers ammonium formate (pH 3) and ammonium acetate (pH 5). If it is necessary to detect in low UV (<220 nm) then phosphate buffer is recommended. Obelisc R columns are compatible with mass spectrometers (LC/MS), evaporative light scattering detectors and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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HPLC Separation of Amino Acids, Bases, Acids, and Neutrals on Obelisc R |
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Application Notes:
Application Columns:
- Obelisc R columns are the first commercially available columns with Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC). With multiple patents pending, LiSC technology is based on a new chemical modification of silica gel pores that creates a liquid separation cell with its own charge characteristics, ionic strength, and hydrophobic properties. Like living cells which exist in equilibrium with the outside environment, liquid separation cells exist in constant equilibrium with the mobile phase. Obelisc R, for reversed phase, has reversed-phase character and can be used in traditional, reversed-phase type applications. Due to the presence of ionic groups and a long hydrophobic chain, Obelisc R offers additional retention and tuning that is not available with traditional reversed-phase columns. Reversed-phase separations are augmented by additional ionic and polar interactions not available on traditional reversed-phase C18 columns. Mobile phase composition changes the conformation of the long hydrophobic chain and affects the properties of the liquid separation cell and changes separation selectivity. Typical mobile phases used with Obelisc R columns are based on acetonitrile, water, and the mass spec compatible buffers ammonium formate (pH 3) and ammonium acetate (pH 5). If it is necessary to detect in low UV (<220 nm) then phosphate buffer is recommended. Obelisc R columns are compatible with mass spectrometers (LC/MS), evaporative light scattering detectors and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.
Application Analytes:
Application Detection:
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