Compound: Quaternary Amines

Separation of Quaternary Amines

Application Notes:

Primesep C separates a mixture of quaternary amines by a combination of cation exchange, complex formation, and hydrophic interactions. Methyltriethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, and tetramethylammonium cations as well as bromide counter ion are separated on a short 50 mm column. The separation uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and triethylamine acetate with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Application Columns:

Primesep^® C is a mixed-mode HPLC column with reversed-phase, ion-exchange and host-guest complex formation properties. The Primesep C stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and an acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 100 columns. Primesep C retains hydrophobic compounds by a reversed phase. Strongly polar and basic compounds such as quaternary amines are retained without the use of ion-pairing reagent by reversed phase and ion exchange. An unusual elution order compared to other HPLC columns is found for primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.

Application Analytes:

Application Detection:

Cetylpyridinium Methods with Good Efficiency and Peak Symmetry

Application Notes:

Primesep B separates tertiary amines, such as cetylpyridinium with symmetrical peak shape by a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exclusion mechanisms. The embedded basic functional group on the stationary phase shields the underlying silanols to prevent peak tailing. Retention time can be changed by changing either organic content or acid content in the mobile phase. C18 reversed-phase columns do not typically show this tuning ability with acid content. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 250 nm.

Application Columns:

Primesep^® B is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep B stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a strongly basic functional group as an anion exchanger recommended for mobile phase pH's of 1.5 to 4. Primesep B separates bases by an ion-exclusion mechanism. The basic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Recommended buffers for Primesep columns are trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), perchloric acid (HClO4), and formic acid. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.

Application Analytes:

Application Detection:

Retention of Cetylpyridinium Chloride on C18 Reverse-Phase Column

Application Notes:

Cetylpyridinium chloride is an aromatic amine with a long hydrocarbon tail. Compounds such as these are difficult to separate by reversed phase due to poor peak shape or peak tailing due to active surface silanols. The reversed-phase HPLC separation uses a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and UV detection at 250 nm. A better approach is to use a Primesep D column with a similar mobile phase to obtain symmetrical peak shape, HPLC Separation of Cetylpyridinium.

Application Columns:

Ordinary C18 Columns

Application Analytes:

Application Detection:

Retention Characteristics of Betaine in Mixed-Mode HPLC

Application Notes:

The retention of the zwitterion betaine on Primesep 200 demonstrates the tunability of Primesep columns. Retention of betaine is altered by acid type, amount of acid in the mobile phase, and the amount of organic solvent. Typical reversed-phase columns do not show this tunability with simple mass spec compatible mobile phases of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Application Columns:

Primesep^® 200 is a mixed-mode HPLC column with general hydrophobic and ion-exchange properties. The Primesep 200 stationary phase combines a hydrophobic chain and a weakly acidic functional group as a cation exchanger. Acids, bases, zwitterions and neutrals can be retained and separated by Primesep 200 columns. Primesep 200 retains hydrophobic compounds by reversed-phase retention alone or a combination of reversed-phase and ion-exchange retention. Primesep 200 separates underivatized amino acids, amines, isomers and structurally related compounds by combining reversed phase and ion exchange. In this case the acidic functional group acts as an embedded ion-pairing reagent. Organic acids and diacids are separated by reversed phase and ion exclusion. Methods can be developed on Primesep columns that are fully compatible with detectors such as UV, RI, conductivity, fluorescence, evaporative light scattering (ELSD) as well as mass spectrometers (LC/MS) and preparative chromatography (prep HPLC) systems.

Application Analytes:

Application Detection:

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