Compound: Norepinephrine

Separation of Epinephrine Norepinephrine

Application Notes:

Primesep 200 separates the catecholamines, norepinephrine and epinephrine, less than 8 minutes. Norepinephrine and epinephrine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, and ion-exchange mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoracetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

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HPLC Separation of Polar Compounds

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Separation of Serotonin, Dopamine, and Related Compounds

Application Notes:

Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Retention of compounds of catecholamine pathway is achieved on Obelisc N column. All polar compounds are well retained by combination of HILIC and ion-exchange mechanisms. Obelisc N columns produce very good peak shapes for all analytes. Method is very sensitive to amount of ACN, buffer and buffer pH. Retention time changes with variation of main parameters. This method can be used for quantitation of biogenic amines and related compounds (homovanillic acid, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid, serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, hydroxytryptophan, epinephrine and DOPA) in urine, blood and other biological fluids. Further optimization of this HPLC method can be used during screening and validation. Amines and acids can be analyzed in the same run and retained by combination of polar organic mode, cation-exchange and anion-exchange modes. Various buffers within specified pH can be employed (ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, sodium phosphate, etc.).

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HPLC Separation of Neurotransmitters and Related Drugs

Application Notes:

Epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) are hormones and neurotransmitters. Epinephrine is synthesized from norepinephrine in a synthetic pathway shared by all catecholamines, including L-dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Phenylephrine is used as a decongestant, available as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. Phenylephrine is now the most common over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. All three compounds are used in various drug compositions. Separation of epinephrine and norepinephrine is a challenging task due to polarity and close properties of two compounds. Epinephrine, norepinephrine and phenylephrine are separated in this method on Obelisc R mixed-mode HPLC columns. Method is very sensitive to variation of pH and pH adjustment can be used to achieve desired selectivity and retention time. Other catecholamines can be analyzed using this HPLC method. Method can be used as stability indicating or impurity profiling approach to analysis of neurotransmitters in drug formulation, blood, serum and urine.

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