Chloramphenicol

CAS Number	56-75-7
Molecular Formula	C11H12Cl2N2O5
Molecular Weight	323.131 g/mol
InChI Key	WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N
LogP	1.14
Synonyms	Chloramphenicol 2,2-Dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]- 56-75-7 4-13-00-02742 Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]- (-)-Chloramphenicol [R-(R,R)]-2,2-Dichloro-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]acetamide Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]-, [R-(R,R)]- Acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-[β-hydroxy-α-(hydroxymethyl)-p-nitrophenethyl]-, D-threo-(-)- Ak-Chlor Alficetyn Amphenicol Amphicol Amseclor Anacetin Aquamycetin Austracol Catilan Chemicetin Chemicetina Chlomycol Chloramex Chloramsaar Chlorasol Chloricol Chlorocaps Chlorocid Chlorocide Chlorocidin C Chlorocidin C tetran Chlorocin Chloromycetin Chloronitrin Chloroptic Ciplamycetin Cloramfen cloramfenicol Cloramficin Cloramicol Clorocyn Cloromisan Cylphenicol D-(-)-Chloramphenicol D-(-)-threo-1-(4-Nitrophenyl)-2-dichloroacetamido-1,3-propanediol D-(-)-threo-1-p-Nitrophenyl-2-dichloracetamido-1,3-propanediol D-(-)-threo-1-p-Nitrophenyl-2-dichloroacetylamino-1,3-propanediol D-(-)-threo-2-Dichloroacetamido-1-p-nitrophenyl-1,3-propanediol D-(-)-threo-Chloramphenicol D-Chloramphenicol Detreomycin D-threo-(1R,2R)-1-p-Nitrophenyl-2-dichloroacetamido-1,3-propanediol D-threo-Chloramphenicol D-threo-N-Dichloroacetyl-1-p-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol Embacetin Enteromycetin Farmicetina Globenicol Gloveticol Halcetin Intramycetin Ismicetina Juvamycetin Kamaver Kemicetine Klorita Klorocid S Leukomyan Leukomycin Levocin Levomicetina Levomitsetin Levomycetin Levoplast Levosin Levovetin Loromisin Mastiphen Micloretin Micoclorina Microcetina Mychel-Vet Mycinol Myclocin Mycochlorin Normimycin V Novomycetin NSC 3069 Ocuphenicol Ophthochlor Pantovernil Paraxin Quemicetina Ronphenil Septicol Sintomicetin Sintomicetina Sintomicetine R Sno Phenicol Soluthor Stanomycetin Synthomycetin Tevcocin Tifomycine Treomicetina Unimycetin Veticol Viceton Ambofen Austracil Biocetin Biophenicol BRN 2225532 Chlomin Chloramficin Chloramfilin Chloramphenicol, d- Chloramphenicol crystalline Chlora-tabs Chloro-25 vetag Chloroamphenicol Chlorocid S Chlorocol Chloroject L Chloromax Chloroptic S.O.P. Chlorovules Cidocetine Cloramidina Clorosintex Comycetin Desphen Detreomycine D-(-)-2,2-Dichloro-N-(beta-hydroxy-alpha-(hydroxymethyl)-p-nitrophenylethyl)acetamide Doctamicina Econochlor EINECS 200-287-4 Emetren Erbaplast Ertilen Glorous Halomycetin Hortfenicol Isicetin Isophenicol Isopto fenicol Kemicetina Laevomycetinum Mediamycetine Micochlorine NCI-C55709 Novochlorocap Novophenicol Oftalent Oleomycetin Otachron Otophen Pentamycetin Rivomycin Romphenil Sificetina Sno-Phenicol NSC 16331 Chlorofair Optomycin Chloramfenikol Chloramphenicolum Chloromycetny Cloramfenicolo Cloroamfenicolo UNII-66974FR9Q1 chlornitromycin laevomycetinum 137731-90-9 15313-32-3 55172-72-0 59112-59-3 85666-84-8

Applications:

HPLC Separation of Common Antibiotics in Fish Farming

Fish antibiotics are used in fish farming to treat bacterial diseases of fish. It is common practice in the fish industry, particularly in developing countries, to use large amounts of antibiotics to prevent infection. The antibiotics used are often non-biodegradable and remain in the environment for long periods of time, contaminating soil and ground waters. In farming antibiotics are mixed with food and residual amount of drugs ends up in fish products and poultry, this lead to consumption of antibiotics and metabolites by humans. Five common antibiotics are separated on Primesep C column using LC/MS compatible conditions. Method can be used for quantitative determination of nitrofurantoin, nitrofurazone, furazolidone, furaltadone, chloramphenicol and nitrofurazone in fish products and environment.

5-Nitro-2-Furaldehyde Semicarbazone (Nitrofurazone)
Chloramphenicol
Furaltadone
Furazolidone
Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurazone

HPLC Separation of Antibiotics in Fish Production

Five antibiotics are separated on Primesep C mixed-mode cation-exchange column using UV, ESLD and LC/MS compatible conditions. Similar compounds can be separated based on reverse phase and cation-exchange mechanisms. Current method can be used in quantitative determination of antibiotics in various food products.

5-Nitro-2-Furaldehyde Semicarbazone (Nitrofurazone)
Chloramphenicol
Furaltadone
Furazolidone
Nitrofurantoin

USP Methods for Chloramphenicol using a Legacy L1 Column

Application Notes: Chloramphenicol is a common broad spectrum antibiotic developed in the 1940’s. According to the USP methods, chloramphenicol should contain no less than 97.0% and no more than 103% of chloramphenicol calculated on a dried basis. The USP HPLC method for the analysis of chloramphenicol was developed on Legacy L1 column according to the US Pharmacopeia methodology. L1 classification is assigned to reversed-phase HPLC column containing C18 ligand. Support for the material is spherical silica gel with particles size 3-10 um and pore size of 100-120A.

Application Columns: Legacy L1 C18 HPLC column

Application compounds: Chloramphenicol

Mobile phase: MeOH/H2O/AcOH 45/55/0.1

Detection technique: UV

Reference: USP 30: NF35

Chloramphenicol

HPLC Analysis of Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic useful in treating conjunctivitis and many other infections. It is notable as an antibiotic for developing nations due to its low cost. It was analyzed on a Legacy L1 column which uses reverse-mode to retain hydrophobic compounds. Comparisons between Legacy L1 and Phenomenex columns are available upon request.

Chloramphenicol